Search results for " CD4 Lymphocyte Count"

showing 10 items of 11 documents

Long-term CD4+ T-cell count evolution after switching from regimens including HIV nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) plus protease in…

2011

Abstract Background Data regarding CD4+ recovery after switching from protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimens to regimens not containing PI are scarce. Methods Subjects with virological success on first-PI-regimens who switched to NNRTI therapy (NNRTI group) or to nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NRTI)-only (NRTI group) were studied. The effect of the switch on the ongoing CD4+ trend was assessed by two-phase linear regression (TPLR), allowing us to evaluate whether a change in the CD4+ trend (hinge) occurred and the time of its occurrence. Furthermore, we described the evolution of the frequencies in CD4-count classes across four relevant time-points (baseline, before and immediately after…

AdultCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMalemedicine.medical_treatmentProtease InhibitorHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)CD4+ T-cellHIV InfectionsBiologymedicine.disease_causeSettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVENucleoside Reverse Transcriptase InhibitorTimelcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseasesZidovudineRetrospective Studieimmune system diseasesAntiretroviral Therapy Highly ActivemedicineHumansProtease inhibitor (pharmacology)HIV InfectionProtease Inhibitorslcsh:RC109-216Retrospective StudiesHIV; CD4+ T-cellProteaseCd4 t cellDrug SubstitutionBackground dataHIVvirus diseasesMiddle AgedVirologyHIV; AIDS; CD4; NRTIReverse Transcriptase InhibitorCD4 Lymphocyte CountInfectious DiseasesCD4-Positive T-LymphocyteReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsRitonavirFemaleAdult; Antiretroviral Therapy Highly Active; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Protease Inhibitors; Retrospective Studies; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Time; Drug Substitution; Infectious Diseasesmedicine.drugHumanResearch Article
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Pre-ART HIV-1 DNA in CD4+ T cells correlates with baseline viro-immunological status and outcome in patients under first-line ART

2018

Objectives We evaluated the association between pre-ART HIV DNA and HIV-infected participant characteristics at baseline as well as with their response to first-line ART. Methods Four hundred and thirty-three patients from the ICONA cohort, starting first-line ART after the year 2000, were analysed. Pre-ART HIV DNA was quantified with the modified COBAS TaqMan HIV-1 Test and normalized by CD4+ T cells. Linear correlation between pre-ART HIV DNA and other continuous markers (HIV RNA, CD4 count, markers of inflammation and coagulation) at baseline was evaluated by means of Pearson correlation coefficient and a linear regression model. Survival analyses and Cox regression models were used to s…

0301 basic medicineOncologyCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMaleHIV InfectionsSettore MED/07chemistry.chemical_compoundHIV InfectionPharmacology (medical)ViralProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyAntiinfective agentAdult; Anti-Retroviral Agents; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; DNA Viral; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Survival Analysis; Treatment Outcome; Viral LoadMiddle AgedViral LoadvirologyHIV CD4Stavudinemedicine.anatomical_structureInfectious DiseasesTreatment Outcomehiv-1 t-lymphocytes virology blood hiv rna hiv dnaAnti-Retroviral AgentsCD4-Positive T-Lymphocyteblood hiv rnaCohorthiv dnaFemaleSurvival AnalysiViral loadARTHumanMicrobiology (medical)Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAntiretroviral Therapy CD4 Lymphocyte Count StavudineT cellAntiretroviral TherapySettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVENO03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineHumanst-lymphocytesSurvival analysisPharmacologybusiness.industryProportional hazards modelHIVDNASurvival AnalysisCD4 Lymphocyte CountProspective Studie030104 developmental biologychemistryDNA ViralHIV-1Anti-Retroviral AgentbusinessDNA
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Evolution of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance and viral subtypes circulation in Italy from 2006 to 2016

2018

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the evolution of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance (TDR) prevalence in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve patients from 2006 to 2016. Methods: HIV-1 sequences were retrieved from the Antiviral Response Cohort Analysis (ARCA) database and TDR was defined as detection of at least one mutation from the World Health Organization (WHO) surveillance list. Results: We included protease/reverse transcriptase sequences from 3573 patients; 455 had also integrase sequences. Overall, 68.1% of the patients were Italian, the median CD4 count was 348 cells/μL [interquartile range (IQR) 169–521 cells/μL], and the median viral load was 4.7 log 10 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL (IQR …

0301 basic medicineMaleantiretroviral therapy; HIV; recent HIV infection; resistance epidemiology; transmitted HIV drug resistance; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Viral Proteins; Drug Resistance Viralantiretroviral therapy; HIV; recent HIV infection; resistance epidemiology; transmitted HIV drug resistance; Health Policy; Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology (medical)Drug ResistanceHIV InfectionsDrug resistanceGastroenterologyInterquartile rangeOdds RatioPrevalenceHIV InfectionPharmacology (medical)ViralbiologyHealth PolicyMiddle AgedIntegraseInfectious DiseasesItalyFemaleViral loadHumanresistance epidemiologyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtytransmitted HIV drug resistanceAnti-HIV AgentsHIV; antiretroviral therapy; recent HIV infection; resistance epidemiology; transmitted HIV drug resistance030106 microbiologyantiretroviral therapySettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVEVirus03 medical and health sciencesrecent HIV infectionViral ProteinsInternal medicineDrug Resistance ViralmedicineViral ProteinHumansbusiness.industryAnti-HIV AgentHIVOdds ratioReverse transcriptaseConfidence intervalCD4 Lymphocyte CountMutationbiology.proteinHIV-1business
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The impact of DAA-mediated HCV eradication on CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte trajectories in HIV/HCV coinfected patients: Data from the ICONA Foundation …

2021

HCV infection has been hypothesized as a contributor of poor CD4+ recovery in patients living with HIV (PLWHIV). Aim of this study was to evaluate CD4+, CD8+ cells and CD4/CD8 ratio trends before and after HCV treatment with direct acting agents (DAA) in PLWHIV. HIV/HCV patients enrolled in ICONA and HepaICONA cohorts with HIV-RNA≤50 copies/ml who achieved a sustained viral response after DAA treatment were studied. A linear regression model was used to investigate CD4+, CD8+ and CD4/CD8 changes 12 months before and after DAA treatment. A total of 939 HIV/HCV patients were included, 225 (24.0%) female, median age: 53 years (IQR 50–56). At DAA initiation, CD4+ T cell count was <350 cells/…

CD4-Positive T-LymphocytesHIV InfectionsHepacivirusCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesGastroenterologySettore MED/07chemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineCd8 t lymphocyteHIV Infection030212 general & internal medicineCoinfectionCD4; CD8; DAA; HCV/HIV; immune activationHcv clearancevirus diseasesMiddle AgedHepatitis CInfectious Diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureCD4-Positive T-LymphocyteCohort030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleCD4 CD8 DAA HCV/HIV immune activationHumanImmune activationmedicine.medical_specialtyHCV/HIVT cellAntiviral Agentsimmune activationNO03 medical and health sciencesVirologyInternal medicinemedicineHumansIn patientimmune activation.DAAAntiviral AgentHepaciviruHepatologybusiness.industryRibavirinCD8-Positive T-LymphocyteCD8CD4CD4 Lymphocyte CountchemistryCD4; CD8; DAA; HCV/HIV; immune activation; Antiviral Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Female; Hepacivirus; Humans; Middle Aged; Coinfection; HIV Infections; Hepatitis CbusinessCD8
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Detection of drug resistance mutations at low plasma HIV-1 RNA load in a European multicentre cohort study

2011

Background and objectives: Guidelines indicate a plasma HIV-1 RNA load of 500-1000 copies/mL as the minimal threshold for antiretroviral drug resistance testing. Resistance testing at lower viral load levels may be useful to guide timely treatment switches, although data on the clinical utility of this remain limited. We report here the influence of viral load levels on the probability of detecting drug resistance mutations (DRMs) and other mutations by routine genotypic testing in a large multicentre European cohort, with a focus on tests performed at a viral load <1000 copies/mL. Methods: A total of 16511 HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease sequences from 11492 treatment-experienced …

MaleDrug ResistanceHIV InfectionsDrug resistanceCohort Studies0302 clinical medicineGenotypeHIV InfectionPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineViral0303 health sciencesProteolytic enzymesGenotypic testing; HIV; Viral load; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cohort Studies; Europe; Female; Genotype; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Male; RNA Viral; Viral Proteins; Drug Resistance Viral; Mutation Missense; Viral Load; Pharmacology; Pharmacology (medical); Infectious DiseasesViral LoadGenotypic testing3. Good healthEuropeInfectious DiseasesCohortRNA ViralFemaleViral loadCohort studyHumanMicrobiology (medical)AdultGenotypeAnti-HIV AgentsMutation MissenseBiologySettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE03 medical and health sciencesViral ProteinsSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingDrug Resistance ViralHumansViral ProteinPharmacology030306 microbiologyHIVAnti-HIV AgentVirologyReverse transcriptaseCD4 Lymphocyte CountRegimenHIV; genotypic testing; viral loadGenotypic testing; HIV; Viral load; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cohort Studies; Drug Resistance Viral; Europe; Female; Genotype; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Mutation Missense; RNA Viral; Viral Load; Viral ProteinsImmunologyMutationHIV-1RNAMissenseCohort Studie
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Estimating minimum adult HIV prevalence: A cross-sectional study to assess the characteristics of people living with HIV in Italy

2015

In 2012, we conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study to assess the number of people living with HIV linked to care and, among these, the number of people on antiretroviral therapy. The health authority in each of the 20 Italian Regions provided the list of Public Infectious Diseases Clinics providing antiretroviral therapy and monitoring people with HIV infection. We asked every Public Infectious Diseases Clinic to report the number of HIV-positive people diagnosed and linked to care and the number of those on antiretroviral therapy during 2012. In 2012, 94,146 people diagnosed with HIV and linked to care were reported. The majority were males (70.1%), Italians (84.4%), and aged betw…

AdultMalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyImmunology; Infectious Diseases; VirologySettore MED/17 - Malattie InfettiveEpidemiologyCross-sectional studyImmunologyHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)MEDLINEHIV Infectionsmedicine.disease_causeAdult; Anti-Retroviral Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Retrospective StudiesVirologymedicinePrevalenceHumansHIV InfectionHIV prevalence ItalyRetrospective StudiesCross-Sectional StudieAdult; Anti-Retroviral Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Immunology; Virology; Infectious Diseasesbusiness.industryTransmission (medicine)HIVRetrospective cohort studyMiddle AgedHiv prevalenceNorthern italyCD4 Lymphocyte CountCross-Sectional StudiesInfectious DiseasesAnti-Retroviral AgentsItalyAnti-Retroviral AgentFemalebusinessViral loadHumanDemography
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Impact of body weight on virological and immunological responses to efavirenz-containing regimens in HIV-infected, treatment-naive adults

2015

Objective: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing among HIV-infected patients. Whether standard antiretroviral drug dosage is adequate in heavy individuals remains unresolved. We assessed the virological and immunological responses to initial efavirenz (EFV)-containing regimens in heavy compared to normal-weight HIV-infected patients. Design: Observational European cohort collaboration study. Methods: Eligible patients were antiretroviral-naive with documented weight prior to EFV start and follow-up viral loads after treatment initiation. Cox regression analyses evaluated the association between weight and time to first undetectable viral load ( 50 copies/ml) after initial s…

CyclopropanesMaleEfavirenz; HIV; Immunological response; Virological response; Weight; Adult; Antiretroviral Therapy Highly Active; Benzoxazines; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cohort Studies; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Regression Analysis; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Treatment Outcome; Viral Load; Body WeightHIV InfectionsOverweight10234 Clinic for Infectious DiseasesCohort Studieschemistry.chemical_compoundAntiretroviral Therapy Highly ActiveImmunology and AllergyHIV InfectionImmunological responsevirus diseasesVirological responseMiddle AgedViral LoadReverse Transcriptase InhibitorTreatment OutcomeInfectious DiseasesAlkynesCohort2723 Immunology and AllergyRegression AnalysisReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsFemalemedicine.symptomViral loadCohort studyHumanBenzoxazineAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyEfavirenzImmunologyAntiretroviral Therapy610 Medicine & healthRegression AnalysiPharmacokineticsInternal medicinemedicineHumansHighly ActiveObesity2403 Immunologybusiness.industryProportional hazards modelBody WeightHIV2725 Infectious DiseasesEfavirenz; HIV; Immunological response; Virological response; Weight; Adult; Antiretroviral Therapy Highly Active; Benzoxazines; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cohort Studies; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Regression Analysis; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Treatment Outcome; Viral Load; Body Weight; Immunology and Allergy; Immunology; Infectious Diseasesmedicine.diseaseWeightObesityBenzoxazinesCD4 Lymphocyte Countlnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4]chemistryImmunologyCohort StudieEfavirenzbusiness
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Declining Prevalence of HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Treatment-exposed Individuals in Western Europe

2013

HIV-1 drug resistance represents a major obstacle to infection and disease control. This retrospective study analyzes trends and determinants of resistance in antiretroviral treatment (ART)-exposed individuals across 7 countries in Europe. Of 20 323 cases, 80% carried at least one resistance mutation: these declined from 81% in 1997 to 71% in 2008. Predicted extensive 3-class resistance was rare (3.2% considering the cumulative genotype) and peaked at 4.5% in 2005, decreasing thereafter. The proportion of cases exhausting available drug options dropped from 32% in 2000 to 1% in 2008. Reduced risk of resistance over calendar years was confirmed by multivariable analysis. © 2013 The Author.

MaleMultivariate analysisDatabases FactualDrug ResistanceHIV InfectionsDrug resistance0302 clinical medicineRetrospective StudieRisk FactorsEpidemiologyGenotypepol Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency ViruOdds RatioPrevalenceImmunology and AllergyHIV Infection030212 general & internal medicinepol Gene ProductsViralMultivariate Analysimedia_common0303 health sciencesDrug Resistance Prevalence HIV-1Middle AgedResistance mutation3. Good healthReverse Transcriptase InhibitorEuropeInfectious DiseasesReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsepidemiologyFemaleMultipleHuman Immunodeficiency VirusHumanDrugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeEvolutionmedia_common.quotation_subjectSexual Behaviorantiretroviral therapyInfectious DiseaseBiologySettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVEEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciencesDatabasesSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingDrug Resistance Multiple ViralmedicineHumansHIV Protease InhibitorFactualRetrospective Studies030306 microbiologyRisk FactorMolecularRetrospective cohort studyOdds ratioHIV Protease InhibitorsCD4 Lymphocyte Countantiretroviral therapy; drug resistance; epidemiology; genotyping; HIV-1; Adult; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Databases Factual; Europe; Evolution Molecular; Female; Genotype; HIV Infections; HIV Protease Inhibitors; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Mutation; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Risk Factors; Sexual Behavior; pol Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Drug Resistance Multiple Viral; Immunology and Allergy; Infectious Diseasesgenotypingpol Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency VirusImmunologyMultivariate AnalysisMutationHIV-1DemographyJournal of Infectious Diseases
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Efficacy and safety of human papillomavirus vaccination in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

AbstractThe prophylactic vaccines available to protect against infections by HPV are well tolerated and highly immunogenic. People with HIV have a higher risk of developing HPV infection and HPV-associated cancers due to a lower immune response, and due to viral interactions. We performed a systematic review of RCTs to assess HPV vaccines efficacy and safety on HIV-infected people compared to placebo or no intervention in terms of seroconversion, infections, neoplasms, adverse events, CD4+ T-cell count and HIV viral load. The vaccine-group showed a seroconversion rate close to 100% for each vaccine and a significantly higher level of antibodies against HPV vaccine types, as compared to the …

0301 basic medicineCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMaleDisease preventionHIV InfectionsAdolescent Adult Antibodies Viral CD4 Lymphocyte Count CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes Female HIV Infections Humans Male Papillomavirus Infections Papillomavirus Vaccines Public Health Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Risk Treatment Outcome Viral Load Virus Shedding Young Adult Patient SafetySettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataAntibodies Viral0302 clinical medicine030212 general & internal medicineViralRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicPublic healthMultidisciplinaryQHPV infectionRViral LoadAdolescent; Adult; Antibodies Viral; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Public Health; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk; Treatment Outcome; Viral Load; Virus Shedding; Young Adult; Patient SafetyVirus SheddingTreatment OutcomeMedicineFemalePublic HealthPatient SafetyViral loadAdultRiskmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentScienceHPV vaccinesPlaceboAntibodiesArticle03 medical and health sciencesPapillomavirus VaccinesYoung AdultInternal medicinemedicineHumansPapillomavirus VaccinesSeroconversionViral sheddingAdverse effectbusiness.industryPapillomavirus InfectionsHealth caremedicine.diseaseCD4 Lymphocyte Count030104 developmental biologybusinessScientific Reports
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CD4(+)IL-13(+) cells in peripheral blood well correlates with the severity of atopic dermatitis in children.

2005

BACKGROUND In atopic dermatitis (AD) a Th1/Th2 imbalance has been reported, and interleukin (IL)-13 seems to play a pivotal role in the inflammatory network. We tried to assess the correlation between the immunological marker CD4(+)IL-13(+) and the clinical phase of extrinsic AD in children. METHODS Twenty children with AD were studied. Assessed parameters were: clinical severity (SCORAD index), total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), blood eosinophil count, and percentage of CD4(+)IFNgamma(+), CD4(+)IL-4(+), CD4(+)IL-13(+) T cells. Determinations were carried out in the acute phase and after clinical remission were achieved. Ten nonatopic-matched children served as controls. RESULTS At baselin…

CD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMaleAllergyImmunologyCD4 T cellsEosinophilSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratoriointerleukin-13Immunoglobulin ESeverity of Illness IndexDermatitis AtopicSettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaAtopyLeukocyte CountImmunopathologymedicineHumansImmunology and AllergySCORADChildmedicine.diagnostic_testbiologyatopic dermatitisbusiness.industrySeverity of Illness Index; Interleukin-13; Dermatitis Atopic; Humans; Child; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Leukocyte Count; Child Preschool; Eosinophils; Immunoglobulin E; Case-Control Studies; Female; MaleInterleukinallergy; atopic dermatitis; CD4 T cells; interleukin-13; Th1/Th2 cellsAtopic dermatitisEosinophilImmunoglobulin Emedicine.diseaseallergyCD4 Lymphocyte CountEosinophilsmedicine.anatomical_structureCD4-Positive T-LymphocyteCase-Control StudiesChild PreschoolImmunologybiology.proteinFemaleTh1/Th2 cellsbusinessCase-Control StudieHuman
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